阿里、滴滴、小米都看上的这块处女地,到底有哪里好?
2014年,阿里与巴西邮政服务公司建立合作伙伴关系;
2015年,马云飞往阿根廷,其后阿根廷的食物和葡萄酒开始运往中国;
同年9月,阿里巴巴与墨西哥公司签订物流与支付方面的合作协议,推动两国跨境电商的发展;
2018年,滴滴花6亿美金收购巴西最大的共享出行企业“99”股份,并投资3亿美金加速99在当地的业务扩张;
2019年,小米在拉美知名电商平台Linio上开设了一家官方商店。
中国电商大佬们纷纷抢占的拉美市场,到底发展如何?近日,深圳市跨境电子商务协会邀请到了拉美的本土高效快递企业Nocnoc的联合创始人Diego Szilagyi对拉美电商市场进行了专业深刻的解读。
就电子商务的销售增长而言,拉丁美洲坐拥全世界电商销售增长最快的三个国家之二:哥伦比亚和阿根廷。
拥有着超过六亿两千万两倍于美国的数量人口,拉丁美洲是全世界电子商务发展最为迅速的地区之一。它在2018年线上的总销售额达到了850亿美元。[1]
电子商务的发展在拉丁美洲还仅仅只是刚刚起步,海量的市场正等待开发。一亿五千万的人已经准备好了进行网络购物,这正正代表着拉丁美洲本身就是一个十分庞大且具有潜力的市场。无论如何,线上买家的数量正在一条史无前例的道路上蓬勃发展着。巴西是拉丁美洲最大的经济体,其线上的买家数量正以12%的规模逐年增长,而在法国或英国这样更加成熟的市场,它们的年增长率绝不超过7%。
线上销售的成就同样斐然。阿根廷,拉丁美洲的第三大市场,在2018年增长了47%,高居第一;哥伦比亚及秘鲁的增长也超过了25%[2]。
拉丁美洲并不是一个简单且稳定的地区,正相反,这里的环境十分复杂且日新月异,但这也恰恰带来了无数机遇。
小贴士:
政策:每四到六年会有一次换届选举,这取决于获胜党来自左翼还是右翼。而这意味着对经济与贸易的影响,需要您时刻关注与保持警惕。
税收与规则:法律体制非常复杂,并且税收政策在不同的地区之间也是不一样的。同一产品的税率在不同的国家可以从0%至高达120%。
拉丁美洲的消费者在中国平台消费时可能并不能够理解英语,您需要一个“本地化”的结账台。大部分的拉美国家使用西班牙语,而其最大的国家巴西使用葡萄牙语。因此,为了增加销售额与转化率,您需要在网站上提供西语与葡语版本的页面,甚至用这两种语言发送邮件以及进行社交媒体上的广告。
并且,一个关键战略是拥有本地的客户服务。您可以选择聊天机器人、电子邮件、电话或者Facebook。但是请记住,如果您想要与本地或者欧美平台竞争,顾客将不仅仅希望您能使用他们的语言,他们同样希望能过与您接触并获得关于他们购买的回应。
您的电子商务在拉美拥有巨大的商机,但您不能在这使用与您在其他地区同样的方式,像是在美国、俄罗斯或者西班牙一样。如果您想要拥有一个成功的战略,那么您将需要本土化。尽管如此,这不意味着您需要在圣保罗或是墨西哥城开设一间昂贵的办公室,取而代之的是,您需要考虑一些关键点。
拉美市场是保守的,极力避免风险。至少七成的人并未持有国际信用卡:为了您的电子商务的顺利进行,本地的支付方式至关重要。
●本地信用卡占据了全部支付手段的半壁江山。
●现金支付手段,也就是客户前往实体店用现金支付电商订单占有了25%的支付市场。
●国际信用卡(包括Paypal)只有不到三成的人使用。
●银行转账只占据了5%。
还有一些不错的跨境支付途径能够代替本地支付手段并让您的电子商务在海外获得您的资金。您可以选择本地的合作伙伴,例如dLocal,Ebanx或者PayU,亦或是选择与中国的支付企业合作,像是Asiabill或Oceanpayment。
拉美消费者在消费时将在中国电商平台与本地线下商店以及最重要的也是您最强大的对手——本土电商平台(如Linio,Mercadolibre,B2W或Falabella)之间做选择。
作为一家电商公司,您将需要提供如下物流方式:
★邮政:速度缓慢、不安全、无法挨个追踪
这应该是最廉价的物流方式,但顾客通常需要等待25-60天才能收到货物并且许多时候他们需要自己在海关领取自己的包裹。实时追踪无法实现。
您有广泛的邮政服务选择例如中国邮政、香港邮政或者荷兰邮政。
★快递:高速、安全、实时追踪
这种方式将保证您高于95%的投递成功率,货物将在5-15日内送达。您可以选择诸如DHL、Fedex和UPS这样的全球快递领导品牌,也可以与本地的高效快递企业例如Nocnoc合作,它将为您提供一个独一无二的点对点式服务,从中国到拉丁美洲(包括海关清关以及送到顾客手中)。
Nocnoc成立于2016年,总部设在乌拉圭,在阿根廷、巴西、秘鲁、墨西哥和深圳设有分公司。Nocnoc是一个连接中国和拉丁美洲的独特的船舶门户,与市场,网上卖家和中国品牌销售到拉丁美洲。
Nocnoc提供连接中国和拉丁美洲的独特货运专线服务,它同当地市场伙伴及在线销售商合作将中国品牌售至拉美。
它提供了一站式服务,解决痛苦的海关清关过程和最后一英里分配,减少交付时间并提高交货成功率,这一运作模式也极大地提高了成本效益。
Nocnoc的建议:如果您希望壮大您的电子商务,请把目光瞄准拉丁美洲。这里的道路也许比其他成熟市场更加艰辛,但其带来的回报将会更加有吸引力!
如果您想要成功,请建立“本土化”战略。选择合适的本土合作伙伴将让您高效安全地发展至下一阶段:执行本土的支付手段,与客户使用本地语言交流,使用本土化且多样的货运方式来保证高效的货物交付,并且时刻关注当地政策转变以及税收政策对您的客户以及您的商业带来的影响。
想获知更多关于如何在拉丁美洲扩展您的生意请联系:
邮箱:Diego@nocnocgroup.com
微信:+89189 3865 0161
英文原文:Latin America - How to expand your cross-border Ecommerce
When it comesto ecommerce sales growth, Latin America is home to two of the threefastest-growing countries in the world; Colombia and Argentina.
With over 620 million people, almost twice thepopulation of the United States, Latin America is one of the fastest growingE-Commerce regions of the world. Its total online sales totalized USD 85billion in 2018[1].
It’s all just starting.
The story of E-Commerce in Latin America is it’s onlystarting, far away from being saturated. There are 150 million people that alreadypurchased online at least one time, which represents a very large market by itsown. However, the number of online buyers it’s growing in an unprecedentedpath. Brazil, its largest economy, is growing by 12% year-by-year, comparedwith much more mature markets like France or U.K., with an annual growth that’snot surpassing 7%[2].
Online sales achievements are impressive. Argentina,the 3rd largest market, has been the top country with 47% growth in2018, and markets like Colombia and Perú grew over 25%.
Politics and regulations
Latin America is not even close to become an easy andstable region. On the contrary, it’s a very complex and changing environment, but full ofopportunities.
Some tips:
Politics: Every 4 to 6 years, there is a re-election. Depending if thewinning party is from the left or from the right wing, it will imply impacts onboth the economy and commerce. Be aware of it and stay informed.
Taxes and regulations: the legal framework is very complex. Also, beaware that taxes are different across the region. Rates can vary from 0% ashigh as 120%, for the same product depending on the country.
Language
Latin American consumers buying in China will not beable to understand English.
You may need to localize your checkout. Most of LatinAmerican countries speak Spanish, while Brazil, the largest one, speakPortuguese. Thus, in order to increase sales and conversion rates, you shouldaccount with a Spanish and a Portuguese version from your website, mailing andadvertising on Facebook, Instagram and Youtube.
Also, a key strategy is to have a localized customersupport. You can choose chatbots, email, phone or Facebook, but remember thatif you want to compete with local -or even US/European platforms-, customerswill expect you not only to speak their language; they will also expect you toreach out and receive replies about their purchases.
Go local
There is a huge opportunity for your E-Commerce inLatin America. But you can’t sell in Latin America the same way you do it inother regions like the US, Russia or Spain. If you want a winning strategy,then you may need to go local. Nevertheless, this doesn’t mean you need to openan expensive office in Sao Paulo or Mexico City. You should take some key points into consideration instead:
1. Payments
The LatAm market is conservative and risk-avoiding. Atleast 7 over 10 people do not hold an international credit card: for yourE-commerce, local payments are as important as breathing:
· Local credit cards represent over 50% of the payments landscape.
· Cash payment methods, which means that people are going to a physicalplace to pay E-Commerce bills with cash, hold the 25% of the payments marketshare.
· International credit cards (including Paypal) are valid for less than30% of the population.
· Bank transfers mean 5%.
There are some good cross-border payment gateways thatwill allow your E-Commerce cover local methods and receiving funds abroad. Youcan choose local partners like dLocal, Ebanx or PayU, or work with Chinese paymentcompanies like Asiabill or Oceanpayment
2.Logistics
Logistics is the largest pain for E-Commerce retailerswilling to deliver its goods in a fast, secure and cost-efficient way to endconsumers.
At the moment of the purchase, LatAm consumers arechoosing between a Chinese platform versus a local offline store or, mostimportantly, dominant online local players (eg: Linio, Mercadolibre, B2W orFalabella).
As an E-Commerce, you will need to offer:
·Postal: Slow, unsecure, no door to door tracking.
It might be the cheapest option but it will take 25-60days for customers to receive their packages and many times they would need topick up the packages at customs. Real-time tracking will not happen.
You can choose from a wide range of postal serviceslike China Post, Hong Kong Post or Netherlands Post.
· Courier: Fast and secure, with real time tracking.
This line will assure you >95% successful deliveryrates and goods will be delivered in 5-15 days.
You can choose from global players as DHL, Fedex, andUPS, or work with cost efficient local players like Nocnoc, a unique door to door solution from China includingcustoms and last mile deliveries in Latin America.
Nocnoc was founded in 2016, Headquartered in Uruguay, with local operations in Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Mexico and Shenzhen.
Nocnoc is a unique Shipping Gateway connecting China with Latin America, partnering with marketplaces, online sellers and chinese brands selling to Latin America.
The company provides a door to door service solving painful custom clearance processes and last mile distributions, reducing delivery times and increasing delivery success rates in a cost efficient way.
Bringing it all together
Our advice: if you want to grow your online business,look into Latin America. The journey could be tougher than in mature marketsbut the reward will be much more attractive.
If you want to be successful, build a “Go Local” strategy.Choose properly your local expert partners that will allow you to grow to thenext step in a fast and secure way: implement local payments gateways, talk inlocal languages to your customers, use localized and multiple shipping methodsthat warranties fast deliveries, and be aware about political transformationsand taxes impacting on your customers as well as on your business.
Want to know more on how to expand your business to Latin America:
Diego@nocnocgroup.com wechat: +89 189 3865 0161
[1] [2] DHL. 9:30AM. Charles Brewer.